Pengaruh Gender, Status Ekonomi, dan Kepemilikan KIP Kuliah Terhadap Minat Studi ke Perguruan Tinggi
Analisis Faktor Minat Studi Lanjut Pelajar SMA di Kota Banjarmasin
Abstract
Minat studi lanjut ke perguruan tinggi merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat digunakan dalam analisis indeks Harapan Lama Sekolah (HLS). Identifikasi minat studi lanjut ke perguruan tinggi melalui faktor gender, kendala studi (faktor ekonomi dan motivasi diri), serta status kepemilikan Kartu Indonesia Pintar (KIP) diharapkan mampu memberikan deskripsi mengenai bagaimana minat studi pelajar di Kota Banjarmasin untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke jenjang perguran tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh gender, kendala studi (status ekonomi), serta status kepemilikan KIP terhadap minat studi lanjut ke perguruan tinggi. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari 3.527 pelajar tingkat akhir dan 13 orang guru dari 13 SMA Negeri di Kota Banjarmasin tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix method dengan desain sequential explanatory. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket respon pelajar, wawancara tidak terstruktur, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tampilan data tabel distribusi frekuensi, diagram Venn, deskriptif kualitatif, dan uji Chi-Square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa (a) terlepas pada berapa pun jumlah sampel pada masing-masing kelompok gender, kelompok sampel pelajar perempuan menunjukkan minat studi lanjut ke perguruan tinggi yang lebih tinggi, (b) kendala ekonomi untuk lanjut ke perguruan tinggi mencapai persentase sebesar 77%, dan (c) terdapat hubungan antara minat studi ke perguruan tinggi dan status kepemilikan KIP Kuliah pada pelajar tingkat akhir di Kota Banjarmasin. Diperlukan peran Pemerintah Kota Banjarmasin, Pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, serta perguruan tinggi untuk menyusun kebijakan terkait upaya meningkatkan partisipasi studi ke perguruan tinggi, salah satunya melalui pemberian beasiswa.
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