Pemberdayaan Dan Percepatan Perkembangan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Dalam Peningkatan Ekonomi Masyarakat Dan Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Desa
Abstract
BUMDes is a Village-own enterprise managed by its own community as an effort to strengthen the local economy based on the need and potential of the village. BUMDes is also a pillar of economic activity in the village that functions as a social and commercial institution. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach and uses purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Data were collected through interviews, observations, questionnaires and literature studies. Data were analyzed using the Interactive Model through four stages of analysis; data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification. After that, the data will be further analyzed using the SWOT Analysis. The main problems of the BUMDes development were the focus of the business and their heavy priority on building the infrastructure. Other fundamental problems can also be identified as follows: lack of professional and skilled human resource and management, lack of training and technical guidance, as well as ongoing supervision from related agencies, and the lack of understanding from rural communities regarding the role of BUMDes for village development. Some strategies to empower BUMDes include the strengthening of human resources and village institutions, enhancing the business operation through cooperation with the private sector and other third parties with the context of optimizing village potential, increasing training programs for BUMDes members both in administration and other institutional procedures, socialization of BUMDes to increase the community initiative to participate in BUMDes activities, and prudent business development by conducting business feasibility studies.
Abstrak
BUMDes adalah Lembaga Usaha Desa yang dikelola oleh masyarakat desa dalam upaya untuk memperkuat perekonomian lokal masyarakat yang dibentuk berdasarkan kebutuhan dan potensi desa. BUMDes juga merupakan pilar kegiatan ekonomi di desa yang berfungsi sebagai lembaga sosial dan komersial. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, kuesioner dan studi kepustakaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif melalui 4 tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Setelah itu, data akan dianalisis lebih lanjut menggunakan Analisis SWOT. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, permasalahan utama BUMDes di Kabupaten Tapin adalah pemilihan usaha yang tidak tepat dan terlalu fokus pada pembangunan infrastruktur. Permasalahan mendasar lainnya adalah minimnya SDM pengelola BUMDes yang profesional dan terampil, minimnya pelatihan dan bimbingan teknis, minimnya pengawasan berkelanjutan dari SKPD terkait, dan minimnya pemahaman dari masyarakat pedesaan mengenai peran BUMDes untuk kemajuan desa. Beberapa strategi pemberdayaan BUMDes yang dapat diambil diantaranya adalah dengan penguatan SDM dan kelembagaan desa, peningkatan pola kerjasama swakelola dengan swasta dan pihak ketiga lainnya dalam rangka optimalisasi potensi desa, meningkatkan program pelatihan bagi anggota BUMDes baik mengenai administrasi maupun tata cara kelembagaan lainnya, sosialisasi BUMDes untuk meningkatkan inisiatif warga masayarakat untuk ikut berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan BUMDes, dan pengembangan usaha yang prudent dengan mengadakan studi kelayakan usaha sebelum operasional BUMDes dijalankan secara aktif.
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